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-Mineralization
-Mineralization is a process in which organic matter is broken down into inorganic compounds such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.  This process occurs naturally in soil and is facilitated by microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi.
-In iAVs systems, mineralization plays a crucial role in converting fish waste into plant nutrients. Fish excrete ammonia, which is toxic to fish at high levels but can be converted into nitrate through the process of nitrification.
-Nitrate is a valuable source of nitrogen for plants and can be taken up by plant roots to support growth.
-Mineralization also occurs in the sand biofilter of iAVs systems. As water flows through the sand bed, microorganisms break down organic matter and convert it into plant-available nutrients. This process helps to maintain water quality by removing excess nutrients from the system.
-Overall, mineralization is an important process in iAVs systems as it helps to convert fish waste into plant nutrients and maintain water quality. By utilizing natural processes such as mineralization, iAVs systems can create a sustainable and environmentally friendly method of food production.